Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1

Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1, also known as HLA-DPA1, is a human gene.

HLA-DPA1
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3LQZ, 4P4K, 4P4R, 4P57, 4P5K, 4P5M
Identifiers
Aliases	HLA-DPA1, DP(W3), DP(W4), HLA-DP1A, HLADP, HLASB, PLT1, major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1, DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DPA, Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1
External IDs	OMIM: 142880; HomoloGene: 110708; GeneCards: HLA-DPA1; OMA:HLA-DPA1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human) Band 6p21.32 Start 33,064,569 bp End 33,080,775 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in monocyte granulocyte appendix lymph node gallbladder spleen right lung upper lobe of left lung smooth muscle tissue duodenum n/a More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function peptide antigen binding MHC class II receptor activity Cellular component integral component of membrane endocytic vesicle membrane clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane endosome Golgi apparatus trans-Golgi network membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane Golgi membrane plasma membrane transport vesicle membrane integral component of plasma membrane MHC class II protein complex cell surface lysosomal membrane endoplasmic reticulum ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane lysosome integral component of lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane endosome membrane intracellular membrane-bounded organelle Biological process antigen processing and presentation antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway immune system process positive regulation of interferon-gamma production antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II positive regulation of T cell activation immune response positive regulation of T cell proliferation cellular response to interferon-gamma T cell receptor signaling pathway adaptive immune response Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3113 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000229685 ENSG00000224103 ENSG00000206291 ENSG00000168384 ENSG00000228163 ENSG00000236177 ENSG00000235844 ENSG00000231389 n/a UniProt P20036 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001242524 NM_001242525 NM_033554 NM_001405020 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_001229453 NP_001229454 NP_291032 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 33.06 – 33.08 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1
Identifiers
Symbol	HLA-DPA1
Alt. symbols	HLA-DP1A
NCBI gene	3113
HGNC	4938
OMIM	142880
RefSeq	NM_033554
UniProt	P20036
Other data
Locus	Chr. 6 p21.3
Search for Structures Swiss-model Domains InterPro

Function

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DPA) and a beta chain (DPB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen-presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages).

Gene structure and polymorphisms

The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa. It is encoded by 5 exons, exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane and the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DP molecule both the alpha chain and the beta chain contain the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities, resulting in up to 4 different molecules.

See also

• Major histocompatibility complex
• Human leukocyte antigen
• HLA-DP

References

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.