English: For the very hottest gas giants, with temperatures above 1400 K (2100°F, 1100 °C) or cooler planets with lower gravity than Jupiter, the silicate and iron cloud decks are predicted to lie high up in the atmosphere. These planets are class V and their predicted Bond albedo around a Sun-like star is 0.55, due to reflection by the cloud decks. At such temperatures, agas giant may glow red from thermal radiation but the reflected light generally overwhelms thermal radiation. For stars of visual apparent magnitude under 4.50, such planets are theoretically visible to our instruments. Examples of such planets might include 51 Pegasi b and Upsilon Andromedae b. HAT-P-11b and those other extrasolar gas giants found by the Kepler telescope might be possible class V planets, such as Kepler-7b, HAT-P-7b, or Kepler-13b.
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Author
Pablo Carlos Budassi
Copyright holder
1080px x 1080px version lisenced under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International. Background image by ESO/S. Brunier - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Headline
Artist's impression of a silicate clouds gas giant
Credit/Provider
Created by artist Pablo Carlos Budassi in 2023 (@pablocarlosbudassi)
For the very hottest gas giants, with temperatures above 1400 K (2100°F, 1100 °C) or cooler planets with lower gravity than Jupiter, the silicate and iron cloud decks are predicted to lie high up in the atmosphere. These planets are class V and their predicted Bond albedo around a Sun-like star is 0.55, due to reflection by the cloud decks. At such temperatures, agas giant may glow red from thermal radiation but the reflected light generally overwhelms thermal radiation. For stars of visual apparent magnitude under 4.50, such planets are theoretically visible to our instruments. Examples of such planets might include 51 Pegasi b and Upsilon Andromedae b. HAT-P-11b and those other extrasolar gas giants found by the Kepler telescope might be possible class V planets, such as Kepler-7b, HAT-P-7b, or Kepler-13b.Image created by Pablo Carlos Budassi in 2023 (pablocarlosbudassi.com)