File:Hall effect Setup Electrons Holes.svg

Original file (SVG file, nominally 433 × 227 pixels, file size: 20 KB)

Summary

Description
English: Hall effect measurement setup for both electrons and holes
Date
Source Own work
Author Sjoerd Terlouw
\documentclass[preview]{standalone}
\usepackage{circuitikz}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \def\w{0.0115\linewidth}
    \def\d{0.2*\w}

    \foreach \x/\y/\z/\a in {0/0/0/1,0/1/0/2,1/1/0/3,1/0/0/4,0/0/1/5,0/1/1/6,1/1/1/7,1/0/1/8} {
        \coordinate (\a) at (1.5*\x*\w,0.4*\y*\w,2*\z*\w);
        % \node[above] at (\a) {\a};
    }

    % COORDINATES Vh
    \draw[draw=none] (5)--(7) coordinate[pos=0.5] (frontMiddle);
    \draw[draw=none] (1)--(3) coordinate[pos=0.5] (backMiddle);
    \draw[draw=none](backMiddle) -- (frontMiddle) coordinate[pos=1.2] (Vhp) coordinate[pos=-0.3] (Vhm);
    \draw(backMiddle) node[circ] {} -- (Vhm) node[ocirc] {} node[above] {$V_{H}^{-}$};


    % COORDINATES CURRENT
    \draw[draw=none](8)--(3) coordinate[pos=0.5](Istart);
    \draw[draw=none](1)--(6) coordinate[pos=0.5](Iend);
    \draw[thick, blue](Iend)++(-2*\d,0,0) node[ocirc] {} node[left] {$V_{x}^{+}$} -- (Iend) node[circ] {};

    % COORDINATES HOLES AND ELECTRONS 
    \draw[draw=none](3)--(6) coordinate[pos=0.5](topMiddle);
    \draw[draw=none](6)--(2) coordinate[pos=0.5](topLeftMiddle);
    \draw[draw=none](7)--(3) coordinate[pos=0.5](topRightMiddle);
    \draw[draw=none](topLeftMiddle)--(topRightMiddle) coordinate[pos=0.1](holeStart) coordinate[pos=0.9](electronStart);
    \draw[draw=none](topLeftMiddle)--(topRightMiddle) coordinate[pos=0.1](holeStart) coordinate[pos=0.9](electronStart);
    \draw[draw=none](6)--(7) coordinate[pos=0.5](topFrontMiddle);
    \draw[draw=none](topFrontMiddle) -- (holeStart) coordinate[pos=0.3] (holeEnd);
    \draw[draw=none](topFrontMiddle) -- (electronStart) coordinate[pos=0.3] (electronEnd);


    % RECTANGLE
    \draw[fill=gray!40, opacity=0.5] (5)--(8)--(7)--(6)--cycle;
    \draw[fill=gray!40, opacity=0.5] (6)--(7)--(3)--(2)--cycle;
    \draw[fill=gray!40, opacity=0.5] (8)--(4)--(3)--(7);
    \draw[dotted] (5)--(1)--(2);
    \draw[dotted] (1)--(4);


    % MEASUREMENTS
    \draw(4)--+(\d,0,0);
    \draw(3)--+(\d,0,0);
    \draw[stealth-stealth]($(3)+(0.8*\d,0,0)$) -- ($(4)+(0.8*\d,0,0)$) node[midway, fill=white] {$d$};
    \draw(8)--+(\d,0,0);
    \draw[stealth-stealth]($(4)+(0.8*\d,0,0)$) -- ($(8)+(0.8*\d,0,0)$) node[midway, fill=white, sloped] {$W$};
    \draw(8)--+(0,0,1.8*\d);
    \draw(5)--+(0,0,1.8*\d);
    \draw[stealth-stealth]($(5)+(0,0,1.2*\d)$) -- ($(8)+(0,0,1.2*\d)$) node[midway, fill=white, sloped] {$L$};

    % MAGNETIC FIELD
    \draw[draw=none] (2)--(7) coordinate[pos=0.2](Bstart);
    \draw[thick, -stealth, blue](Bstart) -- +(0,1.2*\d,0) node[right] {$B_{z}$};

    % AXIS
    \draw[draw=none] (5)--(1) coordinate[pos=0.3](y);
    \draw[thick,-stealth](5)--(y) node[right] {$y$};
    \draw[thick,-stealth](5)--(6) node[left] {$z$};
    \draw[thick,-stealth](5)--($(5)+(2*\d,0,0)$) node[above] {$x$};

    % other quantities
    \draw[thick, blue](Istart)++(3*\d,0,0) node[ocirc] {} node[right] {$V_{x}^{-}$} to[short, i<=$I_{x}$] ($(Istart)+(2*\d,0,0)$) -- (Istart) node[circ] {};
    \draw(frontMiddle) node[circ] {} -- (Vhp) node[ocirc] {} ++(-0.15*\d,0,0) node[above] {$V_{H}^{+}$};
    
    % Holes and electrons 
    \draw[dashed, thick, blue, -stealth](electronStart) node[above] {$e^{-}$} -- +(-2.5*\d, 0,0);
    \draw[dashed, thick, blue, -stealth](holeStart) node[above right] {$h^{+}$}-- +(2.5*\d, 0,0);
    \draw[thick, blue, -stealth, ] (electronStart) to[out=190, in=50] (electronEnd);
    \draw[thick, blue, -stealth, ] (holeStart)     to[out=-10, in=90]  (holeEnd);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

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current10:47, 10 March 2026Thumbnail for version as of 10:47, 10 March 2026433 × 227 (20 KB)Sjoerd TerlouwUploaded while editing "Hall effect" on en.wikipedia.org

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