Submission declined on 3 June 2026 by ArthurTheGardener (talk).
Where to get help
How to improve a draft
You can also browse Wikipedia:Featured articles and Wikipedia:Good articles to find examples of Wikipedia's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article. Improving your odds of a speedy review To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant WikiProject tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the Biography, Astronomy, and Women scientists tags. Editor resources
|
Comment: There are too many primary sources (the whole of the Critical Acclaim section is taken from the composer's own website). ArthurTheGardener (talk) 10:10, 3 June 2026 (UTC)
Frank Horvat | |
|---|---|
Composer, Frank Horvat | |
| Background information | |
| Born | April 5, 1974 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
| Genres | Contemporary classical, Minimalism, Post-minimalism |
| Occupations | Composer, pianist, producer |
| Years active | 1997–present |
| Labels | ATMA Classique, Centrediscs, Leaf Music, Navona Records, Redshift Records |
| Website | frankhorvat |
Frank Horvat is a Canadian contemporary classical composer and pianist known for addressing environmental and social justice themes through his music.[1] Born in Ottawa, he studied composition at the University of Toronto and is based in Toronto.[2]
Horvat's compositions have been performed on five continents and featured on over twenty albums across multiple labels including ATMA Classique, Centrediscs, and Navona Records.[2] His work has been broadcast on networks including BBC Radio 3, CBC Radio, HBO, and Netflix,[3] and reviewed in publications such as BBC Music Magazine, Gramophone, and The Wire.[3]
In 2021, his album Music for Self-Isolation was named one of CBC Classical's Top Five Albums of the Year. .[4] He is the inaugural recipient of the Kathleen McMorrow Music Award for contemporary composition from the Ontario Arts Foundation (2017)[5] and an Associate Composer at the Canadian Music Centre.[2] His environmental activism through music includes the Green Keys Tour and the album For Those Who Died Trying, which honors murdered environmental activists.[6]
Early life and education
editHorvat was born in Ottawa, Ontario in 1974.[2] He is of Hungarian ancestry.[7] He began his musical studies on the accordion at age five before switching to the piano at age nine.[8] He later moved to Toronto to pursue formal training, graduating from the University of Toronto Faculty of Music with a degree in composition.[9] He studied composition at the University of Toronto under Walter Buczynski and Christos Hatzis.[10]
Career
editEarly work and environmental artivism
editHorvat's first major environmental work was Earth Hour (2010), an hour-long continuous composition for solo piano intended to be performed in complete darkness.[11][12] The piece was conceived to give audiences "time and space to get out of their everyday lives and contemplate the environment and their place in it."[12] Between 2010 and 2011, Horvat toured Earth Hour to more than 60 cities across North America on his Green Keys Tour, which was designed to be environmentally sustainable.[12][13]
In 2018, Horvat released For Those Who Died Trying, a 35-movement string quartet performed by the Mivos Quartet and released on ATMA Classique.[14] The work was inspired by British photographer Luke Duggleby's photo essay documenting 37 murdered or abducted environmental and human rights defenders in Thailand.[15] Each movement uses only the musical pitches found in each victim's name, creating what Horvat described as a "musical DNA" unique to each individual.[15] The album sparked the #music4HRDs social media campaign, with nearly 50 string quartets worldwide, including the Juilliard String Quartet, participating in performances to raise awareness about murdered human rights defenders.[16] BBC Music Magazine praised the work, noting "the resulting tributes are poignant."[3] In 2024, his environmental sound installation was featured at the Venice Biennale.
Music for Self-Isolation
editIn March 2020, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, Horvat began composing short pieces for solo instruments and voice as a response to the widespread cancellation of concerts and the isolation experienced by musicians.[17] Over six weeks, he composed 31 pieces, which he dedicated to musician friends dealing with the uncertainty of cancelled performances.[18] More than 150 musicians from around the world subsequently shared video performances of these works online.[19]
In January 2021, 25 musicians recorded all 31 pieces at Toronto's Roy Thomson Hall just before another COVID-19 lockdown was imposed.[17] The recording sessions took place over three days in the empty concert hall.[19] The album was released on April 9, 2021, by Centrediscs, commemorating the first anniversary of the pandemic lockdown in Canada.[10] With support from the Canada Council for the Arts, Horvat also interviewed eight musicians who had posted videos, creating audio documentary compositions titled "Pandemic Stories."[10]
The album received widespread critical acclaim. CBC Radio's In Concert named it "Record of the Week," with host Paolo Pietropaolo describing it as "truly a record of our times."[10] The Vancouver Sun called it "a masterpiece of creative invention,"[3] and BBC Radio 3's Suzy Klein praised Horvat's ability to "create a whole atmosphere in a work that is just two minutes long."[3] CBC Classical included Music for Self-Isolation among its Top Five Albums of 2021.[2] A documentary film about the project premiered on Gramophone on May 21, 2021.[10]
Recent work
editHorvat's environmental activism has continued with several projects released in 2023. These include Fractures, a song cycle exploring fracking, performed by soprano Meredith Hall,[12] and An Auditory Survey of the Last Days of the Holocene, a 60-minute work for percussion, piano and electronics.[12] In June 2023, Horvat participated in the Arctic Circle expeditionary residency program in Svalbard, which inspired new compositions including I Am Ice, commissioned by Toronto's Annex Singers.[12]
In 2025, pianist Christina Petrowska Quilico recorded Horvat's More Rivers, a seven-movement solo piano commission inspired by Ann Southam's seminal work Rivers.[20] The album was released on Navona Records in January 2025 and was named CBC Music's In Concert Record of the Week.[21]
Musical style and influences
editHorvat's compositions blend lyrical melodic writing with elements of minimalism, improvisation, and electronic sound design.[22] His projects often engage with social and environmental themes, including ecological awareness and mental health.[23]
Horvat's compositional style is characterized by its multi-genre approach and emotional directness. The WholeNote described him as "one of the most inventive songwriters to come out of the contemporary scene in Canada,"[24] while The Edmonton Journal noted he "has made the tricky musical leap that allows him to pursue a niche of his own."[3] The Wire magazine wrote that Horvat "likes to address challenging topics through his music, inviting involvement while stimulating critical reflection," and that his "music is unflaggingly buoyant, radiant even, in its transmission of affirmative energy."[3]
Minimalism is a significant element of Horvat's compositional language. His 2019 album What Goes Around was described as "a personal compositional challenge to make a very pure minimalist album,"[25] featuring works that recreate "a highly layered looping effect, associated with electronic music, with only the use of a single acoustic instrument."[26] The WholeNote observed that "although not a full blooded minimalist, Frank Horvat's music is attractive sounding,"[27] and noted that his "minimalism is bright-coloured and poppy."[27]
Horvat has cited a diverse range of influences including Bach, Beethoven, Liszt, Bartók, Frank Zappa, Rush, Miles Davis, Philip Glass, Steve Reich, Tori Amos, and Björk, as well as metal music.[28] In interviews, he has described his creative process as beginning with improvisation, often improvising "the basic gist of an entire piece" before recording it via MIDI and engaging in extensive editing.[29]
A defining characteristic of Horvat's work is its thematic focus on social and environmental issues. His compositions often explore topics including climate change, mental health, human rights, and social justice.[30] CBC Classical noted that Horvat has "carved a niche for himself among today's composers, wearing his fragile heart on his sleeve,"[2] while Ludwig van Toronto observed that he "ignores boundaries and isn't afraid to mix politics with art."[31] Horvat's stated intention is to create "music for contemplation" and "music to go into a different headspace," which he achieves through "minimalist and ambient elements along with exploring elongated structures and durations."[32]
His portfolio spans multiple genres including chamber music, electronic music, musical theatre, and film scores.[30] This versatility extends to his performance work with The Frank Horvat Band, through which he explores "more pop-based works."[33] Critics have described Horvat's style as a blend of post-minimalism and tonal contemporary classical. The WholeNote Magazine described his work as "exquisitely eventful and almost insidiously effective."[24]
His work often focuses on:
Commissions and collaborations
editHorvat has collaborated with a range of performers, ensembles and institutions in Canada and internationally, including choral, chamber, and electro-acoustic projects.[3] His work has been presented by organizations such as the Vancouver Bach Choir and featured in concert series and festivals focused on contemporary music.[35]
Notable commissions
editInstitutional commissions
edit- Vancouver Bach Choir – Memories of Self-Isolation (2022), a 45-minute cantata in eight movements for vocal soloists, chorus and chamber ensemble, premiered November 12, 2022, conducted by Leslie Dala[36]
- Sinfonia Toronto – Magnificent Roots (2023), concert overture commissioned for the ensemble's 25th anniversary, premiered at Meridian Hall[12]
- The Annex Singers (Toronto) – I Am Ice (2023), commissioned following Horvat's Arctic Circle residency[12]
- SHHH!! Ensemble – An Auditory Survey of the Last Days of the Holocene (2023), 60-minute work for percussion, piano and tape[12]
- Ottawa New Music Creators – commission for festival presentation[37]
- Grand River Chorus – choral commission[38]
- Lyrica Chamber Choir – choral commission[39]
- NUMUS (concert series) – commissioned work for bass clarinetist Kathryn Ladano[40]
Individual artist commissions
edit- Christina Petrowska Quilico – More Rivers (2024), seven-movement suite for solo piano as a sequel to Ann Southam's Rivers[41]
- Meredith Hall (soprano) – Fractures (2023), song cycle of 13 pieces on the subject of fracking[12]
- David Jalbert (pianist) – piano commission[3]
- Joann Whang (cellist) – Confined in Everyday Scenes, addressing modern-day slavery and human trafficking[42]
- Stacie Dunlop (theatre) – theatrical commission[43]
Collaborative projects
editProtection International
editHorvat collaborated with British photographer Luke Duggleby and the NGO Protection International on For Those Who Died Trying (2018).[3] The project documented 37 murdered or abducted environmental and human rights defenders in Thailand, combining Duggleby's photographs with Horvat's 35-movement string quartet.[15] The work was exhibited at the United Nations Place des Nations in Geneva in May 2016 to coincide with the United Nations Universal Periodic Review on Thailand.
Vancouver Bach Choir community collaboration
editNotable performers
editHorvat's works have been performed by internationally recognized artists and ensembles including the Mivos Quartet, Juilliard String Quartet, pianist Christina Petrowska Quilico, pianist Vicky Chow, pianist David Jalbert, soprano Meredith Hall, bass clarinetist Kathryn Ladano, violinist Edwin Huizinga, and conductor Leslie Dala, among others.[3][12]
Selected compositions
editHorvat has composed over 500 works across multiple genres.[31] His compositions include works for solo instruments, chamber ensembles, choir, voice, orchestra, and electroacoustic media.
Solo piano
edit- Earth Hour (2010) – hour-long continuous work for solo piano, premiered on the Green Keys Tour[12]
- The Banff Suite (2021) – eight-movement suite for solo piano composed on residency at the Banff Centre for Arts and Creativity, performed by Vicky Chow[46]
- More Rivers (2024) – seven-movement suite for solo piano, commissioned by Christina Petrowska Quilico[47]
Chamber music
edit- The Thailand HRDs (For Those Who Died Trying) (2018) – 35-movement string quartet performed by Mivos Quartet, based on Luke Duggleby's photo essay[15]
- Anatomy of the Recovering Brain (2024) – six-movement chamber and electronic work for bass clarinet and ensemble, addressing traumatic brain injury[48]
Orchestral and large ensemble
editVocal and choral works
edit- Fractures (2023) – song cycle of 13 pieces for soprano and piano, texts about fracking, premiered by Meredith Hall and Brahm Goldhamer[12]
- Memories of Self-Isolation (2021) – cantata commissioned by Vancouver Bach Choir[49]
- I Am Ice (2023) – work for chorus, commissioned by Toronto's Annex Singers following Arctic Circle residency[12]
Electronic and multimedia
editSound Installations
edit- What the Walls Feel as they Stare at Rob Ford Sitting in his Office – animation installation at the 2021 Ottawa International Animation Festival.[50]
- The Book of the Time-Travellers of the Worlds - a Fathomless Zero - Chapter 1 – art exhibit at the 2024 Venice Biennale.[51]
- The Book of the Time-Travellers of the Worlds - a Fathomless Zero - Chapter 1 & 2 – art exhibit at Museo Novecento in Florence [51]
Discography
editHorvat's music has been featured on over twenty albums across multiple labels including ATMA Classique, Centrediscs, Navona Records, Azul Music, and Leaf Music.[2]
As composer
editSolo piano
editChamber music
edit- For Those Who Died Trying (2018, ATMA Classique) – performed by Mivos Quartet[56]
- What Goes Around (2019, Centrediscs) – minimalist chamber works[57]
- Project Dovetail (2021)[58] – named a "must-hear" album by CBC Music[2]
- Anatomy of the Recovering Brain (2024, I Am Who I Am Records) – performed by Kathryn Ladano and ensemble[59]
Orchestral and large ensemble
editVocal and choral
edit- Fractures (2023) – song cycle performed by Meredith Hall and Brahm Goldhamer[12]
Electronic and ambient
editPop/rock with The Frank Horvat Band
editFilm and television
editAwards and recognition
editAwards
edit- Kathleen McMorrow Music Award (2017) – inaugural recipient of the award for contemporary composition from the Ontario Arts Foundation[30][31]
Grants and funding
editHorvat has received support from multiple arts funding organizations including the Canada Council for the Arts, Ontario Arts Council, Toronto Arts Council, FACTOR, New Music USA, and the SOCAN Foundation.[3][10]
Residencies
editHorvat has been invited to residencies at:
- Banff Centre for Arts and Creativity[3]
- Arctic Circle Expedition, Svalbard (2023)[12]
- Museo Novecento, Florence, Italy[3]
- Dorland Mountain Arts, California[3]
Critical acclaim
edit- Music for Self-Isolation (2021) – named one of CBC Classical's Top Five Albums of the Year[2]
- Music for Self-Isolation (2021) – included in Ludwig van Toronto's "Year In Review: Classical Gems"[3]
- Project Dovetail (2021) – named a "must-hear" album by CBC Music's Fall lineup[2]
- An Auditory Survey of the Last Days of the Holocene – nominated for East Coast Music Awards[63]
- Music for Self-Isolation – CBC Radio's In Concert "Record of the Week"[10]
- More Rivers (2025) – CBC Music's In Concert "Record of the Week"[64]
Professional affiliations
edit- Associate Composer, Canadian Music Centre[2]
- Member, Canadian League of Composers[3]
Exhibition
edit- Sound installation exhibited at the 2024 Venice Biennale alongside visual artist Parul Thacker[65]
Personal life
editHorvat lives in Toronto with his wife and manager, Lisa, whom he married after dating since high school.[3][66] Their creative partnership in music began when they were 17 and continues professionally.[67]
Horvat has been open about his experiences with mental health challenges, including depression and anxiety.[68] He developed the Piano Therapy concert tour to share his mental health journey and address stigma around mental illness in the classical music world.[30] In an interview with the University of North Carolina School of the Arts, Horvat stated that using composition as "the language with which to talk about [his] own struggles with mental illness" represented "the biggest shift in [his] professional and personal life."[30]
Horvat is committed to environmental sustainability in his personal life. He and his wife have been customers of Bullfrog Power, a green energy provider, since 2005, powering their home and composing studio with renewable electricity.[69] He lives car-free and makes environmental considerations in decisions ranging from diet to investments.[70]
References
edit- ↑ Rowat, Robert (December 4, 2023). "Composer Frank Horvat dedicated himself to environmental activism through music. Now, he's busier than ever". CBC Music. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Frank Horvat". Canadian Music Centre. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 "Biography". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ Rowat, Robert (December 1, 2021). "Canada's top 21 classical albums of 2021". CBC Music. Retrieved February 20, 2026.
- ↑ "Composer Frank Horvat is awarded the Kathleen McMorrow Music Award". Ontario Arts Foundation. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Frank Horvat Profile". Bullfrog Power. September 20, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "At-A-Glance". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Frank Horvat, composer & pianist - meet the artist". MeetTheArtist.online. June 11, 2018. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
- ↑ Chang, Suzanna (April 6, 2011). "Green Keys: Frank Horvat Piano Playing Music in the Dark". University of Toronto Magazine. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "About Music for Self-Isolation". Music for Self-Isolation. May 21, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Biography - Frank Horvat". FrankHorvat.com. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Rowat, Robert (December 4, 2023). "Composer Frank Horvat dedicated himself to environmental activism through music. Now, he's busier than ever". CBC Music. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Frank Horvat Profile". Bullfrog Power. September 20, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "For those who died trying". ATMA Classique. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- 1 2 3 4 "For Those Who Died Trying". Protection International. December 4, 2023. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Frank Horvat Profile". Bullfrog Power. September 20, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- 1 2 3 Timar, Andrew (January 2021). "Frank Horvat's Music for Self-Isolation Gets in Under the Wire at RTH". The WholeNote. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ Baker, Sarah (March 25, 2021). "Canadian Composer Frank Horvat on Composing Music for Self-Isolation". Classical Post. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- 1 2 3 "Music for Self-Isolation". Canadian Music Centre. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "More Rivers". Navona Records. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "More Rivers". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ Cronin, Allan J. (12 April 2021). "Only the Lonely, Frank Horvat's 'Music for Self Isolation'". New Music Buff. Retrieved 21 February 2026.
- ↑ Baker, Sarah (25 March 2021). "Canadian Composer Frank Horvat on Composing Music for Self-Isolation". Classical Post. Retrieved 21 February 2026.
- 1 2 "Frank Horvat Profile". The WholeNote. 2017.
Frank Horvat is one of the most inventive songwriters to come out of the contemporary scene in Canada. Horvat's work is exquisitely eventful and almost insidiously effective.
- ↑ Parsons, Kathy (June 2020). "Interview with Frank Horvat". MainlyPiano.com. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "What Goes Around". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- 1 2 "What Goes Around Review". The WholeNote. 2019.
- ↑ "What Goes Around". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Frank Horvat, composer & pianist – Meet the Artist". June 11, 2018. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Frank Horvat". University of North Carolina School of the Arts. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Frank Horvat". Moving Classics TV. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Frank Horvat, composer & pianist – Meet the Artist". June 11, 2018. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ Parsons, Kathy (June 2020). "Interview with Frank Horvat". MainlyPiano.com. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ Parsons, Kathy (June 2020). "Interview with Frank Horvat". MainlyPiano.com. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
- ↑ Johnson, Gail (7 November 2022). "Composer Frank Horvat writes from the heart in epic, bold Memories of Self-Isolation". Create A Stir. Retrieved 21 February 2026.
- ↑ Johnson, Gail (November 7, 2022). "Composer Frank Horvat writes from the heart in epic, bold Memories of Self-Isolation". Stir. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Commissions". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Commissions". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Commissions". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Commissions". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "More Rivers". Navona Records. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Frank Horvat Composer". Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Commissions". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "New Choir Commission". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ Johnson, Gail (November 7, 2022). "Composer Frank Horvat writes from the heart in epic, bold Memories of Self-Isolation". Stir. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Vicky Chow – Frank Horvat: The Banff Suite". Redshift Records. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "More Rivers". Navona Records. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Anatomy of the Recovering Brain". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Composer Frank Horvat writes from the heart in epic, bold Memories of Self-Isolation". Stir Arts & Culture Vancouver. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Ottawa International Animation Festival returns with new hybrid line up". The Charlatan. Retrieved March 10, 2026.
- 1 2 "Time-Travellers Art Installations". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ Parsons, Kathy (June 2020). "Interview with Frank Horvat". MainlyPiano.com. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ Parsons, Kathy (June 2020). "Interview with Frank Horvat". MainlyPiano.com. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "More Rivers". Navona Records. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Vicky Chow – Frank Horvat: The Banff Suite". Redshift Records. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "For those who died trying". ATMA Classique. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "What Goes Around". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ Baker, Sarah (March 25, 2021). "Canadian Composer Frank Horvat on Composing Music for Self-Isolation". Classical Post. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Anatomy of the Recovering Brain". I Am Who I Am Records. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ Baker, Sarah (March 25, 2021). "Canadian Composer Frank Horvat on Composing Music for Self-Isolation". Classical Post. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Trees.Listen". I Am Who I Am Records. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "I Can See You". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "At-A-Glance". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "More Rivers". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "At-A-Glance". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "At-A-Glance". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "At-A-Glance". Frank Horvat Official Website. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Frank Horvat, composer & pianist – Meet the Artist". June 11, 2018. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Frank Horvat Profile". Bullfrog Power. September 20, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
- ↑ "Frank Horvat Profile". Bullfrog Power. September 20, 2021. Retrieved February 8, 2026.
External links
edit- Official website
- I Am Who I Am Records – Horvat's record label
- Music for Self-Isolation project website
Category:1974 births Category:21st-century Canadian composers Category:21st-century classical composers Category:21st-century Canadian male musicians Category:Canadian classical composers Category:Canadian male classical composers Category:Canadian classical pianists Category:Musicians from Ottawa Category:Musicians from Toronto Category:University of Toronto alumni Category:Minimalist composers Category:Canadian environmentalists Category:Mental health activists

- provide significant coverage: discuss the person in detail, not brief mentions or interviews lacking independent analysis;
- are reliable: from reputable outlets with editorial oversight;
- are independent: not connected to the person, such as interviews, press releases, the subject's own website, or sponsored content.
Please add references that meet all three of these criteria. If none exist, the subject is not yet suitable for Wikipedia.