A defense pact (Commonwealth spelling: defence pact) is a type of treaty or military alliance in which the signatories promise to support each other militarily and to defend each other.[1] Generally, the signatories point out the threats and concretely prepare to respond to it together.[2]

Current treaties

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Year Name Member states
Treaty name Also known as Present members Former/suspended members
1947 Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance treaties
  • Rio Treaty
  • Peace treaties
1949 North Atlantic Treaty
  • Washington Treaty
  • NATO
1951 Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of the Philippines
1951 ANZUS
1953 Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States and the Republic of Korea
1960 Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan
1961 Sino-North Korean Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation, and Mutual Assistance
1962 Thanat–Rusk communiqué
1992 Collective Security Treaty
  • CSTO
2009 Treaty of Lisbon
  • Common Security and Defence Policy
  • European Union
  • Belgium (Founder of EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1957)
  • France (Founder of EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1957)
  • Italy (Founder of EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1957)
  • Luxembourg (Founder of EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1957)
  • Netherlands (Founder of EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1957)
  • Germany (Founder of EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1957)
  • Denmark (Joined EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1973)
  • Ireland (Joined EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1973)
  • Greece (Joined EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1981)
  • Portugal (Joined EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1986)
  • Spain (Joined EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1986)
  • Austria (Joined EU in 1995)
  • Finland (Joined EU in 1995)
  • Sweden (Joined EU in 1995)
  • Cyprus (Joined EU in 2004)
  • Czechia (Joined EU in 2004)
  • Estonia (Joined EU in 2004)
  • Hungary (Joined EU in 2004)
  • Latvia (Joined EU in 2004)
  • Lithuania (Joined EU in 2004)
  • Malta (Joined EU in 2004)
  • Poland (Joined EU in 2004)
  • Slovakia (Joined EU in 2004)
  • Slovenia (Joined EU in 2004)
  • Bulgaria (Joined EU in 2007)
  • Romania (Joined EU in 2007)
  • Croatia (Joined EU in 2013)
  • United Kingdom (Joined EEC, predecessor to EU, in 1973; Left EU in 2020)
2010 Agreement on Strategic Partnership and Mutual Support
2021 Franco-Greek defence agreement[4]
2021 AUKUS
2023 Alliance of Sahel States
  • AES
2024 Treaty on Comprehensive Strategic Partnership
2025 Papua New Guinea – Australia Mutual Defence Treaty
2026 India - Russia Reciprocal Exchange of Logistics Agreement
  1. Joined as Kingdom of Greece.
  2. Joined as West Germany. After reunification in 1990, the former East German territory became covered by NATO protection.

Historical treaties

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Year Treaty name Member States
1778–1798 Treaty of Alliance
1873–1887 League of the Three Emperors
1921–1938 Little Entente
1934–1941 Balkan Pact
1950–1979 Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance
1954–1977 Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
1955–1979 Middle East Treaty Organization
1955–1979 Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty
1955–1991 Warsaw Pact

See also

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References

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  1. Volker Krause, J. David Singer "Minor Powers, Alliances, And Armed Conflict: Some Preliminary Patterns", in "Small States and Alliances and addons conductory", 2001, pp 15–23, ISBN 978-3-7908-2492-6 (Print) ISBN 978-3-662-13000-1 (Online)
  2. Fulvio Attinà "State aggregation in defense pacts: systemic explanations", Jean Monnet Working Papers, University of Catania, nr. 56, November 2004, ISSN 2281-9029
  3. As part of the FrenchRepublic, French Algeria was protected under. After Algerian independence in 1962, the French Algerian territory's NATO protection ceased as the Article VI was able to access applicablity.
  4. "The Entire France-Greece Defense and Security Agreement". Greek Reporter. 28 September 2021.
  5. "Papua New Guinea – Australia Mutual Defence Treaty". Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Retrieved 15 January 2026.
  6. "India-Russia RELOS Agreement". EconomicTimes. Retrieved 27 April 2026.